½Æ¦X¦r±±Æ[¡]3-2¡^ ³\ªø©° October 27, 2004
§@ªÌ²¤¶¡G²{¥ô¬Fªv¤j¾Ç^¤å¨tÝ¥ô±Ð±Â¡A±Ð±Â·s»D^»y----¾\Ū¡C´¿¥ô¬F¤j¤½¥ø¤¤¤ß»y¨¥²Õ¥D¥ô¡A¬F¤j^¤å¨t¥D¥ô¡B¥~»y¾Ç°|°|ªø¡C B. V-pp as
pivot-element Type¡G ¡]¥HV-pp¡Õ°Êµü¹L¥h¤Àµü¡Ö¬°ºc¦¨½Æ¦X¦rªº¥Dn¦¨¤À¡^ B-1¡]N-V-pp¡^¡G The dress which
is made by a tailor costs much more expensive. Ø
The tailor-made
dress costs much more expensive. ¡]q°µªº¦çªA¸û¬°©ù¶Q¡^ The wine which is made at home tastes wonderful. Ø
The home-made
wine tastes wonderful. ¡]°ê²£ªº°s¨ý¹D¤£¿ù¡^ ¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤°Êµü¡A¤@©w¬O³Q°Ê»yºA¡]Passive Voice¡^¡C¥X²{²v¬Û·íÀWÁc¡C B-2¡]Self-V-pp¡^¡G The scholar who
was educated by himself passed away yesterday¡G Ø
The self-educated
scholar passed away yesterday. ¡]¨º¦ìµL®v¦Û³qªº¾ÇªÌ¬Q¤Ñ¥h¥@¡C¡^ The man who was made by himself started his
business on a shoestring. Ø
The self-made
man started his business on a shoestring. ¡]¨º¦ì¥Õ¤â°_®aªº¤H¾a·¥¤Öªº¸ê¥»¶}©l°µ¥Í·N¡C¡^ ¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤ªº¤Ï¨¥N¦Wµü¡]Reflexive Pronoun¡^¡A¤@«ß§ï¦¨Self¡Ð¦r¼Ë¡C B-3¡]Adj-V-pp¡^ The food which
is made ready is a steal. Ø
The ready-made
food is a steal. ¡]²{¦¨ªº¹ª«»ù®æ¦pÀ˨Ӫº«K©yªF¦è¡C¡^ The meat which is roasted fresh looks awful. Ø
The fresh-roasted
meat looks awful. ¡]²{¯Nªº¦×¬Ý°_¨Ó«Üäú¤ß¡C¡^ B-4¡]Adv-V-pp¡^¡G 1. The adverbs with the ending-ly. The plan which was developed recently started with
a bang. Ø
The recently-developed
plan started with a bang. ¡]³Ìªñµo®iªºpµe¶i¦æªº¦³Án¦³¦â¡C¡^ 2. The adverbs such hard¡Bfar¡Bwell¡Bill¡Bfast¡Betc. The area which is hit hard has been declared a
disaster zone. Ø
The hard-hit
area has been declared a disaster zone. ¡]¨ü·lÄY«ªº¦a°Ï³Qµø¬°¨a°Ï¡C¡^ 3. The adverbs of frequency¡Galways¡Busually¡Bsometimes¡Bseldom
and never. The law which is always criticized must make some
adjustment. Ø
The ever-criticized
law must make some adjustment. ¡]¤@ª½¨ü§åµûªºªk³WÀ³°µ¾A«×ªº½Õ¾ã¡C¡^ ¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤¡A¦bÂàÅܽƦX¦r¹Lµ{¤¤¡AÀ³±Nalways§ï¦¨ever¡Ð¡A©Moften§ï¬°oft¡Ð¡A¨ä¾l·Óì¦r¤£¥²§ó´«¡C B-5¡]V-pp-P¡^ ¡]P.«Y«ü¤¶¨tµüPreposition¡^¡C The worker who was
laid off staged a sit-in. Ø
The laid-off
worker staged a sit-in. ¡]³Qµôûªº¤u¤H¶}©lÀR§¤§Üij¡C¡^ The plan which is well
thought out works wonders. Ø
The well-thought-out
plan works wonders. ¡]¸g¹L²`«ä¼ô¼{ªºpµeÀò±o¥O¤HÅå©_ªº¦¨¥\¡C¡^ ¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤¡A½Æ¦X¦r§Î¦¨¤j³¡¤À¨Ó¦ÛºD¥Î»y¡C C-Adj as pivot-element
Type¡G ¡]¥H§Î®eµü¬°ºc¦¨½Æ¦X¦rªº¥Dn¦¨¥÷¡C¡^ C-1¡]N-Adj¡^¡G The adjectives such as ¡G-conscious¡B-foolish¡B-free¡B-greedy¡B-happy¡B-high¡B-hungry¡B-long¡B-mad¡B-proof¡B-prone¡B-proud¡B-sich¡B-rich¡B-short¡B-thirsty¡B-weary¡B-wide¡B-wise¡B-worthy¡Betc. The candidate who is
conscious of image was defeated in the election. =The image-conscious
candidate was defeated in the election. ¡]ª`«§Î¶HªºÔ¿ï¤H¿ïÁ|¥¢§Q¡C¡^ The lawmaker who is
greedy for power is looked down upon by the people. =The power-greedy
lawmaker is looked down upon by the people. ¡]³g¶Õ³g§Qªº¥ß©e¥O¤HÁ@¤£°_¡C¡^ The country which is
rich in oil has a cradle-to-grave social welfare system. =The oil-rich
country has a cradle-to-grave social welfare system. ¡]²±²£¥Ûªoªº°ê®a¬I¦æ²×¥ÍªÀ·|ºÖ§Q¨î«×¡C¡^
¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤¡A§Î¦¨½Æ¦X¦r¹Lµ{¤¤¡A§Î®eµü«áªº¤¶¨tµü¡]be+Adj+prep+N¡^¡A¬ÒÀ³§R
¤S¦¹Ãþ«¬±`¥Has¡K..as«¬ºA¥X²{¡C¨Ò¤l¦p¤U¡G
The sword is as sharp as razor = The razor-sharp sword.
¡]¾U¦p¤M¤ùªº¼C¡C¡^ ¨ä¥L¨Ò¤l¦p¤U¡G dirt-cheap¡]½â¦pÁT¤gªº¡^ feather-light¡]»´¦p¦Ð¤òªº¡^ fire-hot¡]¤õ¼öªº¡^ ice-cold¡]¦B§Nªº¡^ brand-new¡]¥þ·sªº¡^ paper-thin¡]Á¡¦p¯È¡A·¥·Lªº¡^ pitch-dark¡]º£¶Âªº¡^ rock-hard¡]µw¦p¥Ûªº¡^ sky-high¡]°ª¤J¶³¾]ªº¡A·¥°ªªº¡^ snow-white¡]³·¥Õªº¡^ C-2¡]Self-Adj¡^¡G The girl who is conscious of
herself seldom goes to the party.
=The self-conscious girl seldom goes to the party. ¡]²Û©Äªº¤k«Ä¤l«Ü¤Ö°Ñ¥[®b·|¡C¡^
¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤¡A¤£n§Ñ°O§â¤Ï¨¥N¦Wµü¡A§ï¦¨self¡Ð¦r¼Ë¡C C-3¡]Adv-Adj¡^
The threat which is always present makes people ill at ease. =The
ever-present threat makes people ill at ease. ¡]¤@ª½¦s¦bªº«Â¯Ù¥O¤H¤£¦w¡C¡^
The student who is often absent was eventually kicked out of
school.
=The oft-absent was eventually kicked out of school. ¡]±`±`¯Ê®uªº¾Ç¥Í²×©ó³Q¾Ç®Õ¶}°£¡C¡^ ¦P¼Ëªº¡A¥»Ãþ«¬¤¤ªºalways¡Boften¡A¤Å§Ñ°O§ïªºever-¡Boft-¦r¼Ë¡C D-P as pivot-element Type¡G ¡]¥H¤¶¨tµü¬°ºªººD¥Î»y¡A¦¨¬°»s³y½Æ¦X¦rªº¥Dn¦¨¥÷¡^¡C ¦¹Ãþ«¬³Ì²³æ¡A³Ì®e©ö¡C¦b§ó´«¹Lµ{¤¤¡A°¦¦r³£¤£¥²§ó§ï§ó´«¡A¥u¦b¦r»P¦r¶¡¥[¤W³s¦r¸¹¡]hyphen¡^§Y¥i¡C¨Ò¤l¦p¤U¡G behind-the-scenes meeting¡]¹õ«áªº©Î¯µ±Kªº·|ij¡^ a university is on the air.=An
on-the-air university¡]ªÅ¤¤¤j¾Ç¡^ The patient who has a nurse around
the clock. =The patience has a round-the-clock
nurse service. ¡]¨º¦ì¯f¤H24¤p®É¦³Å@¤h·ÓÅU¡C¡^ We will welcome our guests with open arms. =We will give our guests a with-open-arms welcome. ¡]§Ú̱N¥H³Ì¶©«Åwªï¨Óªï±µ§Ú̪º«È¤H¡C¡^ ¨ä¥L¨Ò¤l¦p¤U¡G on-the-run
suspect¡]°k¤`¤¤ªº¶û¥Ç¡^ still-at-large murder¡]®ø»»ªk¥~ªº¥û¤â¡^ on-the-spot
inspection¡]²{³õªºµø¹î¡^ across-the-board pay hike¡]¥þ½L©Êªº¥[Á~¡^ under-the-counter sale¡]¯µ±Kªº¥æ©ö¡^ over-the-counter medicine¡]¤½¶}¥X°âªºÃÄ¡A¬J¦¨ÃÄ¡^ («ÝÄò) ¡° ª÷
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